Ke hoʻokokoke ka helu ʻana i nā palena kino o ka wikiwiki o ka uaki, huli mākou i nā hoʻolālā multi-core. Ke hoʻokokoke ka kamaʻilio ʻana i nā palena kino o ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻoili ʻana, huli mākou i nā ʻōnaehana multi-antenna. He aha nā pono i alakaʻi i nā ʻepekema a me nā ʻenekinia e koho i nā antenna he nui ma ke ʻano he kumu no 5G a me nā kamaʻilio uea ʻole ʻē aʻe? ʻOiai ʻo ka ʻokoʻa spatial ke kumu mua no ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā antenna ma nā kikowaena kumu, ua ʻike ʻia i waena o nā makahiki 1990 ua wehe ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā antenna he nui ma ka ʻaoʻao Tx a/a i ʻole Rx i nā mea hiki ʻē aʻe i hiki ʻole ke manaʻo ʻia me nā ʻōnaehana antenna hoʻokahi. E wehewehe kākou i ʻekolu mau ʻano hana nui ma kēia ʻano.
**Hoʻokumu kukuna**
ʻO Beamforming ka ʻenehana mua e hoʻokumu ʻia ai ka papa kino o nā pūnaewele kelepona 5G. Aia ʻelua ʻano like ʻole o ka beamforming:
ʻO ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ke kukui maʻamau, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo Line-of-Sight (LoS) a i ʻole ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ke kukui kino
ʻO ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka beam maʻamau, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo Non-Line-of-Sight (NLoS) a i ʻole ka beamforming virtual
ʻO ka manaʻo ma hope o nā ʻano ʻelua o ka beamforming, ʻo ia ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā antenna he nui e hoʻonui i ka ikaika o ka hōʻailona i kahi mea hoʻohana kikoʻī, me ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā hōʻailona mai nā kumu hoʻopilikia. Ma ke ʻano he hoʻohālikelike, hoʻololi nā kānana kikohoʻe i ka ʻike hōʻailona ma ke alapine (frequency domain) ma ke kaʻina hana i kapa ʻia ʻo ka spectral filtering. Ma ke ʻano like, hoʻololi ka beamforming i ka ʻike hōʻailona ma ke kikowaena spatial. ʻO ia ke kumu i kapa ʻia ai ʻo ia he spatial filtering.
He moʻolelo lōʻihi ko ke ʻano o ka beamforming kino i nā algorithms hana hōʻailona no nā ʻōnaehana sonar a me radar. Hoʻopuka ia i nā kukuna maoli i ka lewa no ka hoʻouna ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻokipa ʻana a no laila pili loa ia i ke kihi o ka hōʻea ʻana (AoA) a i ʻole ke kihi o ka haʻalele ʻana (AoD) o ka hōʻailona. E like me ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana o OFDM i nā kahawai like ʻole ma ke kahua alapine, hana ka beamforming kuʻuna a kino paha i nā kukuna like ʻole ma ke kahua angular.
Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ma kona ʻano maʻalahi loa, ʻo ke ʻano o ka beamforming generalized a virtual paha ka hoʻoili ʻana (a i ʻole ka loaʻa ʻana) o nā hōʻailona like mai kēlā me kēia antenna Tx (a i ʻole Rx) me nā phasing kūpono a me nā kaupaona loaʻa i hiki ai ke hoʻonui ʻia ka mana hōʻailona i kahi mea hoʻohana kikoʻī. ʻAʻole e like me ke alakaʻi kino ʻana i kahi kukuna i kahi kuhikuhi, hana ʻia ka hoʻoili ʻana a i ʻole ka loaʻa ʻana ma nā kuhikuhi āpau, akā ʻo ke kī ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā kope he nui o ka hōʻailona ma ka ʻaoʻao loaʻa e hōʻemi i nā hopena multipath fading.
**Hoʻonui ʻana i ka wahi**
Ma ke ʻano hoʻonui spatial, ua māhele ʻia ke kahawai ʻikepili hoʻokomo i nā kahawai like ʻole ma ka ʻāpana spatial, me kēlā me kēia kahawai a laila hoʻouna ʻia ma luna o nā kaulahao Tx like ʻole. Inā hiki mai nā ala kahawai mai nā kihi like ʻole ma nā antennas Rx, me ka aneane ʻole o ka pilina, hiki i nā ʻenehana hana hōʻailona kikohoʻe (DSP) ke hoʻololi i kahi medium wireless i nā kahawai like kūʻokoʻa. ʻO kēia ʻano MIMO ke kumu nui no ka hoʻonui ʻana o ke kauoha o ka nui o ka wikiwiki o ka ʻikepili o nā ʻōnaehana wireless hou, ʻoiai ua hoʻouna ʻia ka ʻike kūʻokoʻa mai nā antennas he nui ma luna o ka bandwidth like. Hoʻokaʻawale nā algorithm ʻike e like me ka zero forcing (ZF) i nā hōʻailona modulation mai ka hoʻopilikia ʻana o nā antennas ʻē aʻe.
E like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ke kiʻi, ma WiFi MU-MIMO, hoʻouna ʻia nā kahawai ʻikepili he nui i nā mea hoʻohana he nui mai nā antennas hoʻoili he nui i ka manawa like.
**Ke Kuhi ʻana i ka Manawa-Wā**
Ma kēia ʻano, hoʻohana ʻia nā papahana coding kūikawā ma waena o ka manawa a me nā antennas i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻōnaehana antenna hoʻokahi, e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ʻokoʻa o ka hōʻailona loaʻa me ka ʻole o ka nalowale ʻana o ka helu ʻikepili ma ka mea loaʻa. Hoʻonui nā code space-time i ka ʻokoʻa spatial me ka ʻole o ka pono no ka kuhi ʻana o ke kahawai ma ka transmitter me nā antennas he nui.
He mea hana ʻoihana ʻo Concept Microwave o nā ʻāpana 5G RF no nā ʻōnaehana Antenna ma Kina, me ka kānana RF lowpass, kānana highpass, kānana bandpass, kānana notch/band stop, duplexer, Power divider a me directional coupler. Hiki ke hoʻopilikino ʻia lākou āpau e like me kāu mau koi.
Welina mai i kā mākou pūnaewele:www.concept-mw.coma i ʻole e leka uila mai iā mākou ma:sales@concept-mw.com
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Pepeluali-29-2024